The author investigates the role of positive and negative oriented moral norms in the family as a main element of the "social developmental situation" (after L. S. Vygotsky) for every human individual. Evolutionary-genetic and cultural-historical premises of interpresonal relationships in the family are discussed in the framework of. psychology, religion and contemporary socio-biology. The evolutionary-genetic process is considered to be a positive essential of animal individual life. That is why the human family, contrary to the standpoint of socio-biologists, is not just a biological mashine for gene reproduction but is the "studio" that creates the self-sufficient individual.