The problem of mastering methods of the social action, which allows involvement in a new social situation and construction of relations with significant participants is examined. As an instance of the above the authors single out the socially desirable action which children develop towards the end of senior preschool age, citing experimental findings to support the statement that children who have mastered the action develop favorable relations with participants of a new social situation. The authors also argue that this action is an essential characteristic of social competence.