The paper discusses the problem of the existential choice. Euthanasia is a typical example of an existential choice for a person - a doctor or a terminally ill patient. An empirical study involving 240 subjects was held to look into the nature of links between a person's outlook and personality on the one hand, and psychological peculiarities of their understanding of dilemmas describing euthanasia on the other. The study has shown that believers are more opposed to euthanasia than non-believers. It has also been proved that subjects with high Machiavellian indices and low life meaning accept euthanasia more readily than subjects with low Machiavellian and high life meaning indices.