The article presents a neuropsychological app-roach to the study of emotions based on A.R. Luria's conception of co-relation between brain and mind. It also looks at the current state of the problem "brain and emotions". The author suggests a working ("technological") model of the emotional sphere of personality suitable for conducting neuropsychological studies of the brain foundations of emotions. The author also puts forward a hypothesis that different "emotional syndromes" are linked to damage in different brain structures citing experimental findings that confirm the hypothesis. The article contains a general description of neuropsychology of emotions as a new branch of neuropsychology.