The investigation is based on study of peculiarities of self-acceptance of family children and those of Children's Homes, as well as children attending art schools and not attending. Using foreign and Russian psychological investigations the author establishes concordance of terms in the field of psychology of self-assessment. Different factors of environment that influence the development of positive/negative self-acceptance, including phenomenon of break with family in inmates of Children's Homes which has a destroying effect on self-acceptance of children, are examined. In conclusion the author gives recommendations for pedagogues and practical psychologists working in Children's Homes.