The idea of general universal differentio-in-tegrational laws of development including development of human cognitive sphere is shown to have been elaborated deeply and originally in Russian thought of the end of XIX- the beginning of XX century. The author proves that views of Vl.S. Soloviev, I. M. Sechenov, N. N. Lange, N. O. Lossky and A. A. Bogdanov have anticipated the spirit of modern system world outlook. The significance of works of the above mentioned authors for developmental psychology and pedagogical practice is outlined.