The dependance of moral behaviour on the structure and constituents of the self at the age of 6-7 was studied. Each of 100 children acted in a situation of free moral choice and then evaluated oneself on an 11-point scale. Afterwards the child was requested to imagine that one acted in the opposite way and to evaluate oneself too. The data reveal definite interdependence between the child's behaviour and the interrelationship of self-evaluations in cases of real and imagined opposite behaviour. Modifying the self-image of those who consistently violated the norm had a positive effect both on behaviour and self-evaluations.