Developed by the author psychological conception of self-esteem, as a system education is presented; its structural-dynamic model is suggested, which covers all the variety of its kinds, forms and level representations, included in different systems of self-regulation. It is shown on the basis of the materials gathered in the course of a long research, that self-esteem is a universal mechanism of self-regulation in the formation of different aspects of the psychology and the development of the personality of a child.