A new diagnostical procedure based on manipulation of relations between subjects and the experimenter is suggested (the principal diagnostical indicator being the correlation of results shown by a child / subject in the presence and in the absence of the adult / experimenter). Four types of the attitude of the 6-7-year-old children to the assignment given by the adult have been revealed: "pre-school type" (free changing of the given rule, deviating from the given sample), "pre-learning" (changing of the rule when the adult is absent but strict obeying in his presence), "learning in the proper sense of the world" (strict observing the rule in the absence of the adult), pseudo-learning (orientation in the presence of the adult to a particular sample and not to a general rule, while paying no definite attention either to the sample, or to the rule in his absence).