At the bottom of the ability to improvise we find a "hearing hand" which in fact is the pianist's individual functional system of anticipatory correlations between the ear and the motorium. Sub-sensory and sensorial-motor processes which develop during improvization are relatively independent, which makes it possible for the auditory-motor anticipation to develop both directly and indirectly (in the first case anticipation is a succession of ideomotor acts determined by the general flow of freely developing auditory images; anticipation directed from the motorium to the ear can either liberate the short-term memory for free development of auditory images or interfere with them due to the presence of previously established musical stereotypes).