Communication is regarded as one of two principal forms of psychological activity which concerns the attitudes to the world as a living object in contrast to treating it as an inanimate object. It is assumed that the nature of a subject's attitude to an object is determined not only by the object, but also by the subject's state, intentions, and the level of his development. The assumption is specified in the process of analysis of some psychological problems: development of historical forms of thinking, of child's development, of individual thinking and learning, of the behavior of an individual in a social organization, and of the scientific status of psychology.