Some empirical studies performed along the lines of the concept of the life-long learning are presented and discussed. The following faktors have been found to predominantly influence the ability for learning in adults: the actual level of personality development, socially predetermined prerequisites of learning, properties of personality correlated with motivation and tolerance for psychological loads, biological age-bound evolutionary and involutionary processes, peculiarities of the nervous system functioning under normal conditions. Life-long learning ensures adequate adaptation for changing environment, provides for compensatory processes and helps the old and ill people to maintain social competence.